Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus.
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus.[1] Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection.[2] These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and gabung pains, and a characteristic skin itching and skin rash.[1][2] Recovery generally takes two to seven days.[1] In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into a more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome, where dangerously low blood pressure occurs.[1][2]
Dengue is spread by several species of female mosquitoes of the Aedes genus, principally Aedes aegypti.[1][2] The virus has five serotypes;[9][10] infection with one tipe usually gives lifelong immunity to that tipe, but only short-term immunity to the others.[1] Subsequent infection with a different tipe increases the risk of severe complications.[1] A number of tests are available to confirm the analisis including detecting antibodies to the virus or its RNA.[2]
A vaccine for dengue fever has been approved and is commercially available in a number of countries.[6][11] As of 2018, the vaccine is only recommended in individuals who have been previously infected, or in populations with a high rate of prior infection by age nine.[12][7] Other metodes of prevention include reducing mosquito komunitas and limiting exposure to bites.[1] This may be done by getting rid of or covering standing water and wearing clothing that covers much of the bodi.[1] Treatment of acute dengue is supportive and includes giving fluid either by mouth or intravenously for mild or moderate disease.[2] For more severe cases, blood transfusion may be required.[2] Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is recommended instead of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for fever reduction and pain relief in dengue due to an increased risk of bleeding from NSAID use.
The earliest descriptions of an outbreak date from 1779.[15] Its trending cause and spread were understood by the early 20th century.[16] Dengue has become a global masalah since the Second World War and is common in more than 120 countries, mainly in Southeast Asia, South Asia and South America.[7][17][15] About 390 million people are infected per year, about half a million require hospital admission,[1] and approximately 40,000 die.
